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Brenna and Mackenzye's Timeline
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Life History Event Timeline

APES LIFE HISTORY ANALOGY If all of life's history (3.7 billion years) was the distance from Los Angeles to New York City, then the following events would happen at

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
1 0 miles from LA
 0
Currently earth is evolving to the changes from the environment and those inflicted by humans. Without implementing sustainability into our daily habits, we will continually degrade the earth to the extent of depletion and extinction

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
 2 .00000052 miles from LA 1
An 8.9 earthquake occurred off the coast of Honshu, Japan causing mass destruction. As a result of this devastating occurrence, 15,870 were killed, 6,114 were injured, and 2,814 people went missing.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
 3  .00000104 miles from LA 2
BP Gulf oil spill contaminated the shores off the Southern coasts of the US for three months. This was the largest accidental marine oil spill. After finally being capped, it was estimated that the wellhead had released about 4.9 million barrels of oil into the water.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
 4 .00000364 miles from LA
 7
Hurricane Katrina brought devastation and chaos into the city of New Orleans, destroying the city, environment, and human lives. Hurricane Katrina ranks in the top five deadliest hurricanes in the United States. 1,833 people died from the hurricane itself, and the floods it created.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
 5  .00000416 miles from LA 8
A tsunami hit the coasts surrounding the Indian Ocean in 2004. The tsunami killed more than 230,000 in 14 different countries. The tsunami was the ripple effect of a 9.1-9.3 earthquake.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
6 .00000468 miles from LA
 9
A SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) epidemic spread through Asia, infecting many and causing widespread fear. There was 8,422 cases worldwide with 916 resulting in death. The disease spread, infecting people in 37 different countries.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
7 .00000885 miles from LA
 17
The planet is adapting to the changes that have developed from many years of intense industrializing. Pollution has become a major factor in the environment and technology is improving at a fast pace.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
8 .0000166 miles from LA
 32
The eruption of Mt St. Helens in 1980 lasted a duration of 9 hours, destroying all of the environment within 200-square miles and killing 57 people.The eruption spewed ash into 11 different states, due to the 80,000 feet it reached during the eruption.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
9 .000038 miles from LA
 73
The atomic bombings on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1939 killing 90,000-166,000 in Hiroshima and 60,000-80,000 in Nagasaki. Majority of the people killed on the day of the bombing died due to flash or flame burns. Many of those who died after the initial bombings died due to the effect of burns or radiation sickness.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
10 .000345 miles from LA
 520
Christopher Columbus and his crew landed in the New World in 1492, drawing attention to this "undiscovered" land. Columbus brought new individuals, as well as food, animals, and diseases to the New World.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
11 .00027 miles from LA
 664
The Black Death originated in Central Asia spreading west, reducing the world's population from 450 million to approximately 375 million between 1348 to 1350. The disease used the Silk Road as a path of infecting individuals. It continued to infect others through animals and human contact.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
12 .00781 miles from LA
 15,000
The Laurentide ice sheet covering majority of Canada and a large portion of the United States melted. The ice sheet was up to 2 miles thick, but was thinner on its edges.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
13 .00781 miles from LA
 15,000
Beringia contained the Bering land bridge, which connected Asia to North America. During the Ice Age, the land bridge served as transportation for human migration from Asia to North America.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
14 .0833 miles from LA
 160,000
Human fossils have been found dated back to about 160,000 years ago. The scientific name Homo sapiens was given to these fossils.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
15 1..354 miles from LA
 2,600,000
The Ice Age occurred for a long period of time about 2.6 million years ago. Ice sheet, polar ice sheets, and alpine glaciers covered most of the planet.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
16 7.29 miles from LA
 14,000,000
Through the moving tectonic plate, Antarctica split from Australia and South America. This separation caused Antarctica to become an isolated land mass.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
17 15.627 miles from LA
 30,000,000
The first Great Apes appeared approximately 30 million years ago. It's believed that Homo sapiens stem from this species in the theory of evolution.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
18 33.8593 miles from LA
 65,000,000
Moving tectonic plates continuously changed the formation of land masses. Laurasia and Gongawana split, creating separated land masses.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
19 33.8593 miles from LA
 65,000,000
Animal species began to reproduce with one another and the population of mammals drastically increased. This became known as the age of mammals arises
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
20 33.8593 miles from LA
 65,000,000
The Cenozoic era began about 65 million years ago. This era is currently the most recent geological era.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
21 33.8593 miles from LA
 65,000,000
The Cretaceous extinction occurred resulting in a mass extinction of species. The most notable organism that became extinct was the dinosaurs.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
22 33.8593 miles from LA
 65,000,000
The asteroid that struck earth 65 million years ago caused great damage. It impacted earth's surface and resulted in extinction of many plants and animals.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
23 52.091 miles from LA
 100,000,000
Bees appeared on earth about 100 million years ago. Bees are vital for pollination of flowers and to keep their life cycle in motion.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
24 67.735 miles from LA
 130,000,000
The first flowering plants arrived on earth about 130 million years ago. These plants are referred to as angiosperms, which were dervived from gymnosperms.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
25 70.323 miles from LA
 135,000,000
Laurasia and Gondwana worked together to form supercontinents.These continents were created as part of the original supercontinent, Pangaea.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
26 75.532 miles from LA
 145,000,000
The Atlantic Ocean was formed nearly 145 million years ago. The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean in the world. It consumes about 205 OF Earth's surface.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
27 83.346 miles from LA
 160,000,000
The first birds graced earth about 160 million years ago. The first species of birds was the Archaeopteryx. It originated in Germany and had a jaw, sharp teeth, claws, a tail, feathers, and a skeletal system.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
28 93.764 miles from LA
 180,000,000
The Triassic era was the first period of the Mesozoic Era. This period of time was marked with a mass of extinction that left Earth's biosphere needing to recuperate.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
29 104.182 miles from LA
 200,000,000
The first mammals stepped foot on earth about 200 million years ago. Many of the first mammals constituted of small organisms, such as mice.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
30 117.2 miles from LA
 225,000,000
Dinosaurs roamed earth in as early as 225 million years ago. Various types of dinosaurs traveled across earth's large land masses before going extinct.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
31 127.623 miles from LA 245,000,000
Approximately 245 million years ago marked the end of the Paleozoic Era. This period of time was marked with extreme geological, climatic, and evolutionary changes. Life started in the water and gradually made its way to land during this time period.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
32 130.228 miles from LA
 250,000,000
The Permian extinction was marked with a drastic mass extinction. During this time, 96% of all marine species and 70% vertebrates became extinct. Biodiversity became very limited.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
33 156.27 miles from LA
 300,000,000
The first reptiles inhabited earth about 300 million years ago. These animals are vertebrates that lay eggs.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
34 179.71 miles from LA
 345,000,000
The Devonian extinction that occurred around 345 million years ago marked a major loss in biodiversity. The mass extinctions affected marine life the most.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
35 195.34 miles from LA
 375,000,000
The first amphibians invaded earth about 375 million years ago. These organisms are multicellular, coldblooded, vertebrates. The introduction of reptiles created a decrease in the amphibian population over time. The most common amphibians are frogs, toads,and  salamanders.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
36 208.36 miles from LA
 400,000,000
The first insects originated nearly 400 million years ago. This type of organism is fairly similar to arthropods. These organisms have three parts-head, thorax, and abdomen.
i
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
37 234.41 miles from LA
 450,000,000
The Ordovician extinction was the second largest extinction of the five. This extinction killed about 60% of the marine invertebrates.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
38 247.433 miles from LA
 475,000,000
Land plants, also referred to as embryophytes, invaded earth's surface. Some of the common land plants are trees, mosses, and ferns.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
39 260.45 miles from LA
 500,000,000
The first fish can be dated back to 500 million years ago. The first species of fish was the ostracoderm, which were jawless, had bony armor, and had scales.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
40 296.92 miles from LA
 570,000,000
The first arthropods originated about 570 million years ago. These organism are invertebrates that have exoskeletons and jointed appendages. 

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
41 296.92 miles from LA
 570,000,000
The earliest animal fossil dating back to about 570 million years ago was found in a glacial deposit in South Australia. The fossil suggests that the first animals were sponge-like creatures living in ocean reefs.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
42 338.59 miles from LA
 650,000,000
It has been hypothesized that Earth's surface nearly became frozen, creating the idea of a "snowball Earth". This idea is based off sedimentary deposits and how they became.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
43 406.31 miles from LA
 780,000,000,
The first green photosynthesis plants were created nearly 780 million years ago. These plants had the ability to produce their own needed nutrients through the process of photosynthesis with the help of water.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
44 468.82 miles from LA
 900,000,000
The oldest Metazoan fossils found are dated back to 900 million years ago. These fossil were soft-bodied organisms, having no shells or hard parts.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
45 520.91 miles from LA
 1,000,000,000
Through the creation of prokaryotes and eukaryotes came multicellular organisms. The first example of a multicellular organism was cyanobacteria. Sexual reproduction came as a result from the creation of multicellular organisms.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
46 1041.82 miles from LA
 2,000,000
The lower portion of the stratosphere, called the ozone layer, was created. The ozone layer absorbs 97-99% of the Sun's UV radiation. This absorption helps prevent damage to life forms on Earth.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
47 1041.82 miles from LA
 2,000,000,000
Complex cells were the next creation of the Biological Evolution, which are called eukaryotes. These cells consist of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
48 1771.1 miles from LA
 3,400,000,000
The Biological Evolution continued by creating layered accretionary structures formed in shallow water called stromatolite. These layers consisted of cementation of biofilms of microorganisms.

 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
49 1875.285 miles from LA
 3,600,000,000
The Biological Evolution began approximately 3.6 billion years ago. It began with the formation of the first simple cells, referred to as prokaryotes. These cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
 Event #  Your Analogy Value Years Ago 
50 2448.29 miles from LA 4,700,000,000
Approximately 4.7 billion years ago the Chemical Evolution began. The duration of this evolution lasted 1 billion years. During this time, the earth's early crust and atmosphere, small and large organic molecules, and the first protocells were formed.

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